The MC1R gene gives directions for producing a protein known as the melanocortin 1 receptor. This receptor performs an essential function in normal pigmentation. The receptor is mainly situated on the melanocytes surface that are unique cells, which generate a pigment known as melanin.
Melanin is generated by the melanocytes located in the basal layer of the epidermis. The MC1R monitors the production of both pheomelanin and eumelanin.
MC1R is the gene responsible for the rare naturally red-haired blacks. It is believed that carriers of red hair in the Caribbean and Africa came from migration and gene flow from the European side.
The natural redhead has a genetic mutation promoted by a recessive gene that, due to a mutation of the Melanocortin-1 receptor gene (MC1R), which is responsible for the production of melanin and which determines the pigmentation of the skin and body hair, causing for a person to be redheaded.
With this information, we can conclude that the MC1R gene is responsible for the production of melanin and that which determines the pigmentation of the skin and body hair, causing a person to be redheaded.
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