Answer:
minimum time interval to stop = 0.08 seconds
minimum stopping distance = 0.64 m
Explanation:
maximum force (F) = 16,000 N
mass (m) = 80 kg
initial velocity (U) = 16 m/s
what it would take for the passenger to avoid in this case refers to how long it would take the vehicle to come to a full stop and the stopping distance it would also take to come to a full stop. Therefore we are to find the time (t) and the distance (s)
from the impulse momentum equation,
impulse = change in momentum
Ft = m(V-U) (V-U is the change in velocity Δv)
where V is the final velocity = 0
and t = time
16000 x t = 80 (0 - 16)
16000t = -1,280 (he negative sign tell us there is a decrease in momentum, so we would not be using it further)
t = 0.08 seconds ( this is also the difference between the initial time when the vehicle started to come to a stop and the final time when it came to a full stop)
assuming the acceleration is constant, the stopping distance (s) would be given by the kinetic relation
change in distance (Δs) = \frac{(ΔV) x (Δt)}{2}
(Δ refers to change, that is final value - initial value)
Δs = \frac{16 x 0.08}{2}
Δs = 0.64 m
