Answer: All of the above.
Anomie thought as "normlessness" is a theory developed by Émile Durkheim is the withdrawal from usual social or ethical standards, norms and values that was previously accepted by the society.
Industrialization was the pioneer of both positive and negative effects in the society. One of the negative effect was anomie. Labour specialization lead to withdrawal which is a character of anomie. And all other options in the question.