Answer:
12. Santa Maria
13. Columbus called all the people he met in the islands 'Indians', because he was sure that he had reached the Indies. This initial encounter opened up the 'New World' to European colonization, which would come to have a devastating impact on indigenous populations.
14. Ferdinand Magellan
15. The Spanish conquered the great Aztec and Inca empires by bringing diseases to kill most of them off quickly, scaring them with the horses, and using their more advanced superior weapons to kill them.