Emilia Burton is an 18-year-old high school student who began to experience weight loss despite a ravenous appetite and resulting increased dietary intake. She has to make frequent trips to the bathroom to urinate and has difficulty concentrating on her work because of fatigue. She drinks large volumes of coffee to help with a constant dry mouth and to combat her fatigue. At a clinic appointment, it was noted that her weight has dropped from 140 lb to 128 Ib.
a) What is the probable diagnosis of this patient? What information from the above scenario would support your diagnosis?
b) What laboratory test(s) should be performed? Which result(s) would support your diagnosis? What immediate and long-term therapy will Emilia need to manage her disorder?
c) Emilia should be aware of the potential acute and long- term complications of her condition. What are they?

A) The diagnosis is Diabetes mellitus which is based on the given symptoms that are weight loss, dry skin, fatigue, profuse urination, ravenous hunger all confirm diabetes.

B) Test for confirmation of diabetes Mellitus are-

Fasting plasma glucose test

Postprandial glucose test

Random plasma glucose test.

A1C test

If the test shows higher blood glucose it confirms the diagnosis

Immediate Treatment:-

Medication

Long term treatment:

Exercise controls the blood sugar

Diet should be healthy and should avoid high glucose options.

C) Acute and long term complications:-

Diabetic retinopathy

Diabetic foot

Diabetic neuropathy

Coronary heart disease

Kidney damage

Cerebrovascular disease.