Wind moving over a relatively flat water surface has less area to come in contact with the water, and this reduces energy transfer and Larger waves have extra spaces and areas to trap air, increasing the transfer of the wind's energy to the water.
What is energy transfer?
When energy of any body travels from the one body to the another body, then transfer of energy takes place.
In the oceans, winds transfer their energy to the ocean or to the sea by the interaction with the surface water. When on the surface of ocean or sea up and down movement of water occurs then the interaction of that water with wind takes place and transfer of energy from wind to sea happen. More roughness or more height of the water on the surface of sea observed ten more transfer of energy from wind to sea occur.
Hence, option (1) & (2) is correct i.e. wind moving over a relatively flat water surface reduces energy transfer and Larger waves increasing the transfer of the wind's energy to the water.
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