A third-grade classroom includes several students who are English Language Learners (ELLs). The students are reading a novel, and the teacher has introduced a list of vocabulary words on a bulletin board. The ELL students are not currently reading on grade level. Which of the following strategies could help them to learn the vocabulary words?
A. pair the vocabulary word with a picture and simple definition
B. allow the students to listen to snippets of an audio version of the novel
C. have students read an abridged version of the novel in their native language(s)
D. provide translated versions of the vocabulary words