The renal countercurrent exchange system is made up of closely connected tubules and vasa recta capillaries. The countercurrent multiplier actively transports solutes into the medulla.
Vasa recta removes water and keeps the medulla interstitial fluid from becoming diluted. In the renal tubules, countercurrent multiplication is the procedure of using energy to generate an osmotic concentration which enables users to absorbs liquid from tubular fluid and start producing concentrated urine. A countercurrent mechanism system expends energy to create a concentration gradient. It is abundant in nature, particularly in mammalian organs.
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