Why doesn't Dr. Fletcher conduct a real experiment if he is interested in the possibility that there is a connection between joining a fraternity or sorority and concerns about appearance or attractiveness? He was unable to select participants at random to join a fraternity or sorority.
An approach to research design that seeks to prove a cause-and-effect connection is the quasi-experiment. The primary difference between this experiment and a real experiment is that the groups are not chosen at random.
The number of participants used in each design is what distinguishes the large N and small N designs from one another. Comparatively speaking, a large N design involves more participants than a small N design. Small N studies frequently only include one or two individuals.
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