Waves are a transmission of a disturbance from one point to another. Waves may be classified as longitudinal or transverse based on the vibration of particles relative to the wave motion.
Longitudinal waves are waves in which the vibration of particles is parallel to the direction of wave motion. While transverse waves are waves in which the vibration of particles is perpendicular to wave motion.
Longitudinal waves form regions called compressions where particles are close together and rarefactions where particles are more separated from each other. In a transverse wave regions of maximum displacement known as crests and troughs are formed.
